Campylobacter jejuni infection can lead to which neurological condition?

Campylobacter jejuni infection is associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome, which is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. The link between Campylobacter jejuni and Guillain-Barré syndrome has been well-established in medical literature.

After a Campylobacter jejuni infection, which often presents as gastroenteritis, the body's immune response can mistakenly attack nerve tissues, leading to the symptoms characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome. This may occur due to molecular mimicry, where the structure of the bacterial components resembles that of the peripheral nerves. The condition typically manifests as ascending paralysis and can escalate to respiratory failure if not treated promptly.

Understanding this connection is critical in recognizing Guillain-Barré syndrome as a potential complication following a Campylobacter infection, allowing for quicker diagnosis and treatment of the neurological condition.